Electro-Osmotic Dehydrator

ABSTRACT

Disclosed is an electro-osmotic dehydrator dehydrating sludges generated from the treatment plants of, such as, pure water, sewage water, night soil, waste water, etc. using three phase alternating current. 
     More particularly, the present invention is directed to an electro-osmotic dehydrator using three phase alternating current having three technical configurations as described below.
     (i) An electrode allowing voltage to be applied to a drum and a caterpillar comprises a spring and a graphite elastic supported by the spring, such that stable contact is possible regardless of the amount or constellation of sludges, and even abrasions of the electrode are progressing, the contact maintains always constant, thereby persisting the function of dehydration.   (ii) Further, a phase control for three phase alternating current is possible with each phase to prevent the voltage drop during dehydration time, and even a large capacity of current is applied thereto, it can be used by dropping the voltage to various optimum voltages suitable for a constellation of sludges, such that various constellation of sludges can be dehydrated with a wide range of applications, thereby the present invention employs such phase control configurations for three phase alternating current.   (iii) In addition, after dehydrating sludges, there arise improvements of dehydration and energy efficiencies of an apparatus for rinsing a filtration cloth belt rinsing the filtration cloth belt used in the dehydration, a spray nozzle is configured to a spiral type nozzle to prevent the blocking of the nozzle.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to an electro-osmotic dehydratordehydrating sludges generated from the treatment plants of, such as,pure water, sewage water, night soil, waste water, etc. using threephase alternating current.

More particularly, the present invention is directed to anelectro-osmotic dehydrator using three phase alternating current havingthree technical configurations as described below.

(i) An electrode allowing voltage to be applied to a drum and acaterpillar comprises a spring and a graphite elastic supported by thespring, such that stable contact is possible regardless of the amount orconstellation of sludges, and even abrasions of the electrode areprogressing, the contact maintains always constant, thereby persistingthe function of dehydration.(ii) Further, a phase control for three phase alternating current ispossible with each phase to present the voltage drop during dehydrationtime, and even a large capacity of current is applied thereto, it can beused by dropping the voltage to various optimum voltages suitable for aconstellation of sludges, such that various constellation of sludges canbe dehydrated with a wide range of applications, thereby the presentinvention employs such phase control configurations for three phasealternating current.(iii) In addition, after dehydrating sludges, there arise improvementsof dehydration and energy efficiencies of an apparatus for rinsing afiltration cloth belt rinsing the filtration cloth belt used in thedehydration, a spray nozzle is rotated by regular angle right and left,and a rinsing water spray nozzle is configured to a spiral type nozzleto prevent the blocking of the nozzle.

BACKGROUND ART

Industrial waste water generated from domestic sewage water or variousindustrial complexes is collected in treatment plants, and variouspollutants contained therein are purified and disposed.

The water separated from the treatment process for such waste water isrecycled and disposed.

The remnant sludges are difficult to be treated due to its large watercontent, and high weight thereof increases the treatment cost, therebyreducing the amount of treatment by dehydrating and drying.

A dehydrating process according to the apparatus for dehydrating suchsludges, comprises that sludges separated from waste water is introducedinto a stirring tank with a polymer aggregating agent to react tothereby from a floc suitable for dehydrating, and then conveyed throughinlet of the dehydrator to a dehydrating part.

Dehydration part is configured for the filtration cloth belt of theupper and lower part thereof to rotate, sludges between the upper andlower filtration cloth belt is introduced, and the water is removed byelectrophoresis. In order to form an electric field therefor, directcurrent is applied to the filtration cloth belts, and then the watercontained in the sludges is dewatered by its voltages difference.

That is, the dehydration part of conventional electro-osmotic dehydratorcomprises a drum to which a anode (+) is applied, a caterpillar which isestablished and spaced apart from the drum and to which a cathode (−) isapplied, and two filtration cloth belts wound for conveying anddehydrating the sludges between the drum and the caterpillar.

Further, dehydrated sludges remains in the form of small particles, andan apparatus for rinsing the filtration cloth belt is established atpredetermined positions of the filtration cloth belt to remove them.

In the conventional dehydration apparatus, representative fixed typedehydration apparatus has been used, comprising conduits or highpressure hoses being connected thereto in order for the rinsing water tobe supplied from a water pump, and a plurality of nozzles spraying thepumped rinsing water to the filtration cloth belt being establishedsecurely parallel to each other.

Further, in the fixed type dehydration apparatus, since the spraydistance grows longer, the spray pressure is not only low, but alsouneven washing is carried out by interferences between the rinsing watersprayed.

Therefore, since in order to accomplish more even washing, there shouldbe increased the spray pressure, the number of rinsing or decreased thespray angle of the rinsing water and established a denser rinsing waterspray nozzle, there have been disadvantages that it costs high forhigher output or increasing the number of rinsing the water pump due tothe increase of the spray pressure, or the equipment cost grows high forestablishing more spray nozzle.

Therefore, improvements have been made, which solve the mentionedproblems, on the spray nozzle allowing the rinsing water to be sprayedwith its rotating at regular angles.

Although the rotation of the spray nozzle improves the rinsing power ofthe filtration cloth belt, the problem of blocking the spray nozzle bythe wastes could not be improved, and the dependency only on high outputpower of the water pump for improving the rinsing power still exists.

In addition, constantly pure direct current is applied to between thedrum and the caterpillar of the electro-osmotic dehydrator to formelectric field, the water around charged liquid sludge particles in theelectric field moves opposite electrode compared to the charges of thesludge particles by the electrophoresis and the capillary phenomena, andthen the moisture is separated and removed.

That is, when, since the sludge particle carries (−) surface charges,electric field is formed in the sludge, the sludge particles move toward(+) electrode, and the moisture in the layer of the sludge particlesmoves toward (−) electrode, thereby promoting the dehydration.

The pure direct current (e.g., 60V) is applied to the dehydrator asdescribed above, but since, as the dehydration time passes, the voltageloss increases greatly, the operating voltages decrease significantly(e.g., about 20˜25V), thereby degrading the dehydration performance.

In order to solve this problem, method comprising that three phasealternating current is rectified with each phase (R, S, T) to convert toDC voltage pulse, thereby permitting to apply stepwise voltages has beendeveloped.

That is, an electro-osmotic dehydrator has been developed, characterizedby that, during the dehydration, in order to maintain the regularvoltage without voltage loss, after shorting the DC voltage at the timeof voltage drop, DC voltage is again applied, such that DC voltage canbe repeatedly applied with regular period to improve the dehydrationperformance by applying DC voltage pulse rectified with each phase (R,S, T) to the loads of the dehydrator.

However, the configuration, in which the voltages is applied to theloads of the dehydrator, comprises that (+) voltage is applied to thewhole drum and (−) voltage is applied to the whole caterpillar.

Such power applying configuration has disadvantage in that thecaterpillar rotated in the dehydrator exposed to pollutant sources ispolluted by various pollutant material, so that electric short isfrequently generated, and the dehydration performance degrades by theshort of the power supply due to the pollute.

In addition, there are configurations that the voltages is applied onlyto the part of occurring dehydration. In this case, the electric powerapplying electrode is fixed type, and thus according to the amount ofsludges, the electric power was not applied thereto.

That is, the drum and the filtration cloth belt compress the sludges intherebetween.

When the dehydration is carried out by the electrophoresis, but theamount of sludges is small, the filtration cloth belt is loosened, andthus the contact of the electrode is bad, such that it can notcompensate the loosening space, and thereby applying power isimpossible.

Further, the electric-osmotic dehydrator forms the electric field byapplying constantly pure DC voltage between the drum and thecaterpillar.

The water around the liquid sludge particles charged in the electricfield moves toward opposite electrode compared to the charges of thesludge particles by electrophoresis and capillary phenomena, and thenthe moisture is separated and removed.

That is, when, since the sludge particles are carrying (−) surfacecharges, electric field is formed in the sludge, the sludge particlesmove toward (+) electrode, and the moisture in the layer of the sludgeparticles moves toward (−) electrode, thereby progressing thedehydration.

Although, in the above mentioned dehydrator, pure DC is applied thereto,while the sludges are separated into liquids and particles during thedehydration, electric resistance increases, the reason of which is theliquid part of the sludges is separated into liquids and particles,while the solid components remains.

The electric resistance increases by the solid components.

The concentration of hydrogen ion around (+) electrode increases due tothe hydrogen ions (H+) generated from (+) electrode by electricdecomposition of the liquid components of the sludges, thereby producingthe problems in acidifying the remnant liquids.

This acidifying of the sludges and the remnant liquids produces theadverse effects in reducing the zeta potentials of the sludgesparticles, and eventually reducing the effects in separating of theliquids and the particles due to the appliance of electricity to thesludges.

The voltage loss increases greatly during the dehydration process, whichsignificantly degrades the dehydration performance.

In order to overcome this, there needs an off-time during which theelectricity is not applied in the meantime of separation into liquidsand particles, or (+) and (−) electrodes are exchanged periodicallyusing a frequency generator in place of conventional DC voltage so thatthe liquids and the particles become separated to thereby increase thedehydration efficiency of the sludges.

In the case of the latter, three phase alternating current is rectifiedwith each phase (R, S, T) using diode, and is convert to DC voltage,thereby permitting to apply stepwise voltages has been developed, andtherefore, during the dehydration, in order to maintain the regularvoltage without voltages loss, after shorting the DC voltage at the timeof voltage drop, DC voltage is again applied, such that DC voltage canbe repeatedly applied with regular period.

However, optimal voltage is necessary according to the state of varioussludges, in the case of the conventional dehydrator, the dehydration isprogressed at constant voltage such that there have disadvantages inthat the dehydration efficiency is minimized, or a transformer should beseparately established to adjust the voltage, which costs high.

DISCLOSURE Technical Problem

Accordingly, it is an object of this invention, which overcomes theabove problems, to provide an electro-osmotic dehydrator configured asbelow.

(i) An electrode allowing voltage to be applied to a drum and acaterpillar comprises a spring and a graphite elastic supported by thespring, such that stable contact is possible regardless of the amount orconstellation of the sludges, and even abrasions of the electrode areprogressing, the contact maintains always constant, thereby persistingthe function of dehydration.(ii) Further, a phase control for three phase alternating current ispossible with each phase to prevent the voltage drop during dehydrationtime, and even a large capacity of current is applied thereto, it can beused by dropping the voltage to various optimum voltages suitable for aconstellation of sludges, such that various constellation of sludges canbe dehydrated with a wide range of applications, thereby the presentinvention employs such phase control configurations for three phasealternating current.(iii) In addition, after dehydrating sludges, there arise improvementsof dehydration and energy efficiencies of an apparatus for rinsing afiltration cloth belt rinsing the filtration cloth belt used in thedehydration, a spray nozzle is rotated by regular angle right and left,and a rinsing water spray nozzle is configured to a spiral type nozzleto prevent the blocking of the nozzle.

Technical Solution

To fully understand many objects to be accomplished by variousembodiments and operational advantages of this invention, preferredembodiments of this invention will be described with reference to theaccompanying drawings.

The present invention provides specified configurations to solve theabove mentioned technical problems, which will be hereinafter describedaccording to the each technical problem.

First, provided is a configuration of an electro-osmotic dehydrator inwhich electrode rods 5 a and 5 b are established for the purpose ofstable application of the voltage of the drum 1 and the caterpillar 2.

Conventional electro-osmotic dehydrator comprises a drum 1 to whichanode (+) or cathode (−) is applied, a caterpillar 2 spaced apart fromthe drum a and to which cathode (−) or anode (+) is applied, and twowound filtration cloth belts 4 between the drum 1 and the caterpillar 2for conveying and dehydrating sludges 3.

In the dehydrator applying thereto a DC voltage by rectifying threephase alternating current, DC voltage pulses rectified in each phase (R,S, T) are applied.

That is, phase R, S and T of three phase alternating current are halfwave rectified using rectifier element.

Half cycle of (+) of half wave rectified alternating current in eachphase is stepwise flowed to become as full wave rectification to applythe current to the loeas of the dehydrator, i.e., drum 1 and caterpillar2.

In particular, the first technical problem is the configuration of theelectrode rods 5 a and 5 b that applies DC power source to the drum 1and the caterpillar 2.

Hereinbelow, conventional applying configuration of three phasealternating current will be described first, and then the electrode rods5 a and 5 b according to a characteristic aspect of the presentinvention will be described. Flowing half cycle of (+) rectified in eachphase step by step is carried out smoothly by phase difference of eachphase (R, S, T) in three phase alternating current.

The each phase (R, S, T) is connected to in between the two diodesconnected in series in forward directions such that the current iscontrolled to flow in only one direction.

And the loads of the dehydrator is the drum 1 and the caterpillar 2 towhich (+) and (−) or (−) and (+) are connected.

The term “forward direction” as described herein means that the order oftwo diodes in series is connected to an anode of another diode.

There illustrated various embodiments showing the configurationrectifying and applying three phase alternating current in each phase inFIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 3 shows that DC voltages pulse half wave rectifiedin each phase (R, S, T) is connected to the drum 1 and the caterpillar2, and forms an electric field by voltage difference to do a function ofdehydration.

Three phase alternating current is rectified in each phase (R, S, T),and is supplied without applying DC voltage, where three phasealternating current is rectified in each phase (R, S, T), and DC voltagepulse rectified in each phase (R, S, T) is applied in order, therebyproducing the effects as direct current, which is carried out smoothlyby the phase difference in which each phase (R, S, T) of three phasealternating current has.

When three phase alternating current is applied in the form of voltagepulse rectified in each phase (R, S, T), conventional problems ofvoltage drop with time going on are overcome.

This regulates the voltage at the time of voltage drop to prevent thevoltages drop, and applies immediately the pulse of another phase (R, S,T) for consecutive DC application to produce the effects in obtaininguniform linear pure DC appliance without voltage drop as a whole.

Advantageous Effects

Due to a solution to the first technical problem, the electric powersource is applied only to the dehydration part of the drum 1, and drum 1of the caterpillar 2 wound with the drum 1 and producing the dehydrationperformance, such that the production of the electric field fordehydration is accurate, and the power source can be applied safely fromthe pollution of the dehydrator and the caterpillar 2, therebyincreasing the dehydration performance, and when the caterpillar 2 isloosened according to the amount and constellation of sludges or isloosened by the abrasions of the graphite 8 itself of the electrode rods5 a and 5 b, the graphite 8 of the electrode rods 5 a and 5 b compensatethe loose space by the elasticity of the spring 7, thereby producing theeffects in assuring the application of the electric power source.

Further, a plurality of electrode rods 5 b is established throughout thewhole area wound the drum 1 by the caterpillar 2 to therebyindependently contact to the caterpillar 2, thereby having assuringcharged means.

Due to a solution to the second technical problem, a rectifier circuitcapable of adjusting the voltage and the circuit is added to thedehydrator, such that optimal dehydration voltage can applied accordingto the constellation of sludges to improve the dehydration performance,and a large amount of circuit can be applied, thereby producing theeffects in drying with self-resistance of the sludges, and alternatingto an optimal voltage suitable for the constellation or size of thesludges.

That is, this invention comprises a phase control unit for applying adehydration voltage to the drum 1 and the caterpillar 2 with each phaseof three phase alternating current, and a controller regulating thevoltage applied by controlling the phase output from the phase controlunit.

By controlling the phase through the control of the function of on/offand that of time by the controller, the level of the voltages and thecurrent is regulated by a pulsating current of each rectified phase, andthus even a large capacitance of the voltage and the current is applied,it produces the effects in applying the optimal voltages and the currentaccording to the constellation of sludges.

Therefore, there are optimal dehydration voltage suitable for theconstellation of sludges, the present invention can change the voltageaccording to the sludges varied in the constellation with thedehydration process to apply, thereby increasing the effects indehydration.

Due to a solution to the third technical problem, since this inventioncan uniformly apply the regular spray pressure of the rinsing water onthe filtration cloth belt 4, uniform rinsing can be carried out comparedto the conventional fixed type rinsing apparatus, thereby improving therinsing and energy efficiency, and obtaining higher rinsing efficiencyeven with the employment of fewer rinsing water spray nozzle compared tothe conventional fixed type rinsing apparatus, resulting in reducing theequipment cost.

Particularly, by employing spiral type spray nozzle, blocking of nozzlecan be prevented by wastes, and the rinsing effect can be increased dueto the fast effluence.

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

This invention will be described in detail with reference to theaccompanying drawings in which like numerals refer to like elements.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of schematic circuit diagram for anelectro-osmotic dehydrator using three phase alternating current.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of schematic circuit diagram for anelectro-osmotic dehydrator using three phase alternating current.

FIG. 3 shows applying DC pulse of each phase to an electro-osmoticdehydrator.

FIG. 4 shows a whole configuration view of an electro-osmotic dehydratorin accordance with one embodiment.

FIG. 5 shows a cross sectional view along line “A-A” of FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 shows a specified view of “B” part of FIG. 5.

FIG. 7 shows a specified view of “B” part of FIG. 6.

FIG. 8 shows a cross sectional view along line “D-D” of FIG. 5.

FIG. 9 shows a specified perspective view of “E” part of FIG.

FIG. 10 shows a specified cross sectional view of “E” part of FIG. 8.

FIG. 11 shows a perspective view illustrating establishment of anelectrode rod.

FIG. 12 shows an exemplary view of phase control circuit.

FIG. 13 shows another exemplary view of phase control circuit.

FIG. 14 shows a comparative view of voltage drop according to rectifiedpulsating current and DC power source for three phase alternatingcurrent.

FIG. 15 shows a configuration view of a filtration cloth rinsing unit.

FIG. 16 shows a specified perspective view of primary part of afiltration cloth belt rinsing unit.

FIG. 17 shows an operation of a filtration cloth belt rinsing unit.

FIG. 18 shows a side view of rinsing water spray nozzle of main part ofa filtration cloth belt rinsing unit.

BEST MODE

One embodiment of an electro-osmotic dehydrator, which rectifies thethree phase alternating current into each phase (R, S, T) and thencarries out the dehydration, is illustrated in FIG. 4. In FIGS. 5 to 11,the configurations of applying the power source to the drum 1 and thecaterpillar 2 for accomplishing the first technical object of thisinvention are illustrated.

That is, the electro-osmotic dehydrator using three phase alternatingcurrent is connected in between the two diodes connected in series inforward direction established at each phase (R, S, T); the electrode rod5 a connected to the cathode of the diode contacts the drum 1, and (+)electrode of the pulse voltage half wave with each phase (R, S, T) ofthree phase alternating current rectified by the diode is applied to thewhole drum 1; the electrode rod 5 b connected to the anode of the diodecontacts the caterpillar 2 wound to a cylindrical surface of the drum 1,(−) electrode is applied to the whole of the caterpillar 2.

The electrode rods 5 a and 5 b is configured in plurality, each of whichis comprised of a graphite 8 elastic supported by a spring 7 establishedin a case 6. the caterpillar 2 is connected to a chain 10 rotating thecaterpillar 2 via an insulator 9 a, and the drum 1 is insulatinglysecured by a drum shaft 11 and insulator 9 b rotating the drum 1.

In particular, in applying power to the caterpillar 2, for thecaterpillar 2 being wound with the drum 1 to produce the electric fieldto thereby apply it to the area functioning of dehydration, as depictedin FIG. 11, the electrode rod 5 a is allowed to contact the circulardrum 1, and for contacting the electrode rod 5 b to the caterpillar 2being wound with the drum 1, are electrode rod establishing plates 12 aand 12 b like a curvature of the cylindrical surface of the drum 1 isestablished to a circular fixed plate 13.

The fixing plate 13 supports the electrode rod establishing plate 12 aand 12 b, which can be established anywhere the electro-osmoticdehydrator is configured. That is, as depicted in FIG. 5, the fixedplate 13 can be established anywhere the fixed part of theelectro-osmotic dehydrator is.

And the electrode rod establishing plates 12 a and 12 b can beestablished in such a manner as the establishing of the fixed plate 13where the electro-osmotic dehydrator is configured, and the electroderods 5 a and 5 b can be established at the configuration part of theelectro-osmotic dehydrator.

Such establishing method is for the electrode rods 5 a and 5 b tocontact to the drum 1 or the caterpillar 2, which can be selected andvaried with the structure of the electro-osmotic dehydrator, which canalso use a separate fixed plate bracket 15, is illustrated in FIG. 5.

When using the electrode rod establishing plates 12 a and 12 b, aplurality of electrode rod 5 a connected to the drum 1 in the electroderod establishing plate 12 a, and the electrode rod 5 b is secured onlyto winding part interacting with the drum 1 and the caterpillar 2.

Since the electrode rod establishing plate 12 a is to contact theelectrode rod 5 a to the drum 1, the size thereof is smaller than thatof the electrode rod establishing plate 12 b.

That is, the size of arc of the electrode rod establishing plate 12 b isdetermined by the size of arc for the caterpillar to be wound to thedrum 1, and the remaining part becomes the size of the electrode rodestablishing plate 12 a, such that when the electrode rod establishingplate 12 b, the whole becomes one circular shape.

Of course, the electrode rod establishing plates 12 a and 12 b can besecured to the electro-osmotic dehydrator, but as in FIG. 5, secured tothe fixed plate 13, and makes the fixed plate 13 be fixed an optimalposition of the electro-osmotic dehydrator. However, it is easy tosecure where the drum shaft 11 of the electro-osmotic dehydrator issupported.

The dehydrator of this invention as configured above is illustrated inFIGS. 4 and 5, and the configuration that the power is applied to thedrum 1 and the caterpillar 2 is illustrated in FIGS. 6, 7 and 9.

Where, the characteristic features of this invention lie in theconfigure of the electrode rods 5 a and 5 b, which comprises thegraphite 8 supported by the spring 7.

Since the voltage is applied by contacting the graphite 8 to the drum 1and the caterpillar 2, even the graphite 8 gets abrasive in use, thespring 7 supports the graphite 8, such that the electrode rods 5 a and 5b can function as electrodes.

Therefore, even the caterpillar 2 gets loosened, the graphite 8 of theelectrodes 5 a and 5 b compensate the loose space by the elasticity ofthe spring 7, such that it can apply the power assuredly, therebyaccomplishing stable appliance of voltage without the amount of sludges.

Further, a plurality of electrode 5 b is established over the whole areawinding the drum by the electrode rod 5 b, such that each contacts thecaterpillar 2 to have charged means.

The sludges 3 to be dehydrated, as in FIG. 4, is inlet to between thefiltration cloth belt 4 to convey along the drum 1, while dehydrated inbetween the drum 1 and the caterpillar 2.

In this case, preferably (+) and (−) are applied to the drum 1 andcaterpillar 2, but is not limited thereto.

DC voltage pulse of (+) in which three phase alternating current isrectified in each phase (R, S, T) is applied to the drum 1 by theelectrode rod 5 a, which is specifically depicted in FIGS. 6, 7, 9 and12.

Further, the drum 1 and the drum shaft rotating the drum 1 are insulatedby the insulator 9 b in order for (+) voltage applied to the drum 1 notto be conducted to the whole of dehydrator, which is depicted in FIG. 7.

Such configuration enables (+) voltage to be applied to the whole of thedrum 1.

In addition, voltage (−) is applied to the caterpillar 2 wound to thedrum 1 and moving on infinite track relative to the drum 1.

As depicted in FIGS. 5 and 9, a plurality of electrode rod 5 b contactsthe caterpillar 2.

The power is not applied to the whole of caterpillar 2, but is appliedonly to where the electric field is necessary for dehydration and woundto the drum 1.

The sludges 3 are dehydrated in between the drum 1 and the caterpillar 2by the electric field through the application of the voltage, which isspecifically depicted in FIGS. 1 and 3, is formed by the (+) and (−) ofthe DC pulse voltage.

That is, as depicted in FIG. 3, DC voltage pulse is applied to the drum1 in order by the phase difference in each phase (R, S, T), and the halfwave DC voltage pulse rectifying the each phase (R, S, T) of the threephase alternating current is sequentially applied to at time interval ofthe phase difference of the alternating current, thereby shorting thepure DC to function as repetitive appliance thereto.

When the continuous pure DC voltage is applied the drum 1 and thecaterpillar 2, as the dehydration time goes by, the voltage drop isoccurred thereby degrade the dehydration performance.

However, when the three phase alternating current is rectified and isapplied thereto, in the voltage drop's occurring, the voltage becomesshort, and since that the same dehydration performance is performed allthe time without degradation of the dehydration performance.

Next, provided is a phase control type electro-osmotic dehydrator inaccordance with the technical object of this invention that an optimalvoltage variable from high voltage to low voltage can be appliedaccording to the constellation of the sludge 3.

That is, the present invention rectifies the three phase alternatingcurrent in each phase in the drum 1 and the caterpillar 2 to supply thepulsating current to be able to control the each phase.

In rectifying each phase (R, S, T) of the three phase alternatingcurrent, each phase (R, S, T) of the three phase alternating current iscontrolled by the voltage and the current by the phase control circuitconfigured by SCR (Silicon Control Rectifier) or TRIAC and equivalentcircuit thereof, thereby being rectified in pulsating current to beoutput.

The phase control circuit comprised of the SCR, TRIAC and equivalentcircuit thereof half wave rectifies or full wave rectifies thealternating current.

(+) part of the alternating current rectified in each caterpillar 2 tobe partitioned in three portions, in which the loads of the dehydratoris the drum 1 connected by (+) and the caterpillar 2 connected by (−).

The configuration that the pulsating current is applied to the drum aand the caterpillar 2 by rectifying of the three phase alternatingcurrent is depicted in FIGS. 12 and 13.

The three phase alternating current is rectified to apply to the powersource for dehydration, in which a rectifying circuit can regulate thevoltage and the current.

FIG. 12 illustrates an embodiment that the dehydration voltage isapplied to the drum 1 and the caterpillar 2 by half wave rectifyingusing SCR, and FIG. 13 illustrates a configuration that the dehydrationvoltage is applied to the drum 1 and the caterpillar 2 by full waverectifying using TRIAC.

Therefore, the level of voltage and current is regulated by thepulsating current of each phase output controlled, by controlling thephase through the control of on/off function and the control of time inthe controller.

Even the input current of three phase alternating current needs smallamount of current by a controllable voltage and current employs a largecapacity of current, the current can be used by decreasing the amountthereof whenever necessary, such that the current the voltage can bevaried in various constellation of sludges 3 for use.

That is, the sludges 3 to be dehydrated have various constellations, inorder to increase the dehydration efficiency in each constellation ofthe sludge 3, voltage suitable for a constellation of sludges 3 arerequired.

Therefore, this invention comprises a phase control element in which thevoltage and the current such as SCR or TRIAC are controllable, therebycarrying out a most efficient function of dehydrating the sludges 3.

Contrary to the above, the conventional apparatus could not performideal dehydration function by using the diode rectifying the fixedvoltage and current, and could not apply the large capacity of current.

Finally, means for slowing the technical object is to provide anelectro-osmotic dehydrator in order to increase the dehydrationefficiency, to improve the energy efficiency, to reduce the equipmentcost, and to prevent the blocking of the spray nozzle to a spiral typenozzle.

While the sludges 3 are uniformly distributed in between the filtrationcloth belts 4, a plurality of rollers are rotated to extract to therebyejecting a cake dehydrated from the sludges to rear end of this unit.

The filtration cloth belt rinsing unit 25 is established onpredetermined position on a track of the filtration cloth belt 4 rotatedin an endless formation.

The electro-osmotic dehydrator will be described based on the filtrationcloth belt rinsing unit 25, which comprises a frame 16 transverselydisposed in intersecting direction of the filtration cloth belt 4 on thetrack of the filtration cloth belt 4; a fixing rod 19 securelyestablished to both side walls of a motor 17 and the frame 16 installedat the inner ceiling of the frame 16; a moving rod 22 fin coupled with aposition of periphery of a circular disc 21 from a decelerator 18 by aconnecting rod 20; a nozzle bracket 23 fin coupled in its upper andlower part to rotate in the moving rod 22 and the fixing rod 19; and aplurality of rinsing water spray nozzle 24 attached to the nozzlebracket 23.

While the sludges 3 are uniformly distributed in between the filtrationcloth belts 4, the filtration cloth belts 4 rotate a plurality ofrollers by way of electrophoresis in order the dehydrated sludges 3 tobecome cakes, thereby being ejected to the end of the dehydrationapparatus.

The filtration cloth belt 4 is rotated in endless formation, and isconveyed to the filtration cloth belt rinsing unit 25.

The frame 16 of the filtration cloth belt rinsing unit 25 is establishedin intersecting direction of the filtration clith belt 100.

In operating the water pump and the motor 17, the rinsing water issprayed from the nozzle 24, and rinsing the filtration cloth belt 4,while the rotation movement of the rotating disc 21 rotated by thedecelerator 18 is changed to reciprocal movement to be transferred tothe moving rod 22 in reciprocal movement.

In this case, since the upper part of the nozzle bracket 23 fixing therinsing water spray nozzle 24 is fin coupled with the moving rod 22, andthe lower part thereof is fin coupled with the fixing rod 19 secured tothe frame 16, when the moving rod 22 exercises reciprocal movement, thenozzle bracket 23 is rotated right and left at the center of fincoupling point with fixing rod 19 in the lower part thereof, such thatthe rinsing water spray nozzle 24 is also related right and left by thesame angles, thereby the rinsing water can be sprayed to the spacebetween the rinsing water spray nozzle 24 over the filtration cloth belt4 at regular water pressure in spraying the rinsing water.

In particular, the characteristic feature of this invention lies inemploying the rinsing water spray nozzle 24 as a spiral type nozzle,thereby preventing the nozzle from blocking due to the wastes (waterscale), and obtaining a fast discharge, high energy efficiency andvarious spray angles.

1. An electro-osmotic dehydrator comprising a cathode (or a anode) of DCvoltage applied to a drum 1 and a anode (or a cathode) of DC voltageapplied to caterpillar 2 wound on cylinder surface, characterized bythat a plurality of electrode rod 5 a is established in contact with aninterior surface of the drum 1, and a plurality of electrode rod 5 b isestablished in contact with along a curvature of the caterpillar 2 wherethe drum 1 meets.
 2. An electro-osmotic dehydrator as defined in claim1, the electrode rods 5 a and 5 b comprise a case 6, a spring 7established in the case 6, a graphite 8 elastic supported by the spring7.
 3. An electro-osmotic dehydrator as defined in claim 1, thecaterpillar 2 is intermediated with an insulator 9 a and is connectedwith a chain 10 rotating the caterpillar
 2. 4. An electro-osmoticdehydrator as defined in claim 1, the drum 1 is insulatively secured toa drum shaft 11, rotating the drum 1, via an insulator 9 b.
 5. Anelectro-osmotic dehydrator, which comprises a rinsing water spray nozzle24 established over a portion of track of a filter cloth belt 4 ejectinga dewatered sludgy 3, wherein the rinsing water spray nozzle 24 is aspiral type nozzle.
 6. An electro-osmotic dehydrator in which threephase alternating current is rectified with each phase to be applied toa drum 1 and a caterpillar 2, characterized by that a phase controldevice, which is selected from the group of phase control circuitconsisting of an equivalent current of SCR, TRIAC, SCR or TRIAC, and acontroller of controlling the phase output from the phase control deviceare established, between each of the three phase alternating current,and the drum 1 and the caterpillar 2, and the each phase of the threephase alternating current is output to a pulsating current in which avoltage and a current are adjusted to thereby be applied to the drum 1and the caterpillar 2.